Texts:1977 Man and Judgment--A Prospectus - Revision history

https://www.robbiemcclintock.net/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Texts%3A1977_Man_and_Judgment--A_Prospectus Texts:1977 Man and Judgment--A Prospectus - Revision history 2026-04-28T22:24:20Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.45.1 https://www.robbiemcclintock.net/w/index.php?title=Texts:1977_Man_and_Judgment--A_Prospectus&diff=2389&oldid=prev Robbie at 17:17, 27 November 2024 2024-11-27T17:17:45Z

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Robbie https://www.robbiemcclintock.net/w/index.php?title=Texts:1977_Man_and_Judgment--A_Prospectus&diff=2388&oldid=prev Robbie at 17:14, 27 November 2024 2024-11-27T17:14:49Z

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Robbie https://www.robbiemcclintock.net/w/index.php?title=Texts:1977_Man_and_Judgment--A_Prospectus&diff=2387&oldid=prev Robbie at 17:05, 27 November 2024 2024-11-27T17:05:41Z

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Robbie https://www.robbiemcclintock.net/w/index.php?title=Texts:1977_Man_and_Judgment--A_Prospectus&diff=2386&oldid=prev Robbie at 16:39, 27 November 2024 2024-11-27T16:39:01Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:39, 27 November 2024</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l101">Line 101:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 101:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="s1" style="margin-left: 2em;"></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="s1" style="margin-left: 2em;"></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p style="text-indent: -2em;" ID="A1">A{{#counter:in2}}<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><> <i>Page 1 (**)</i> </del>My use of "judgment" should become reasonably clear from the text. It is a somewhat broadened use of the word, however, and it seems therefore desirable to say something about the relation between my usage and various standard usages. <i>The American Heritage Dictionary</i> gives the following primary meanings for judgment: "l.a. The mental ability to perceive and distinguish relationships or alternatives; the critical faculty; discernment, b. The capacity to make reasonable decisions, especially in regard to the practical affairs of life; good sense; wisdom, c. The exercise of this capacity." Were one to drop out from definition l.b. the word "reasonable," one would have just about precisely the meaning used through <i>Man and Judgment</i>: the capacity to make decisions. Qualifying the term with "reasonable," equating it with good sense and wisdom, expresses widespread hopes that we have about our judgment and about that of others, but does not add to the definition of the term. Most acts of judgment are made under pressures that preclude careful reasoning—in making them we hope that they will lead to decisions that in retrospect will prove to have been reasonable.</p></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p style="text-indent: -2em;" ID="A1">A{{#counter:in2}} My use of "judgment" should become reasonably clear from the text. It is a somewhat broadened use of the word, however, and it seems therefore desirable to say something about the relation between my usage and various standard usages. <i>The American Heritage Dictionary</i> gives the following primary meanings for judgment: "l.a. The mental ability to perceive and distinguish relationships or alternatives; the critical faculty; discernment, b. The capacity to make reasonable decisions, especially in regard to the practical affairs of life; good sense; wisdom, c. The exercise of this capacity." Were one to drop out from definition l.b. the word "reasonable," one would have just about precisely the meaning used through <i>Man and Judgment</i>: the capacity to make decisions. Qualifying the term with "reasonable," equating it with good sense and wisdom, expresses widespread hopes that we have about our judgment and about that of others, but does not add to the definition of the term. Most acts of judgment are made under pressures that preclude careful reasoning—in making them we hope that they will lead to decisions that in retrospect will prove to have been reasonable.</p></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p> All this would be fairly straight-forward were it not that special meanings of the word judgment are more prominent than this very basic meaning. Thus judgment is a legal term, but one that is scant problem, for it is clearly a special case of the broader meaning—as judgment in general is the capacity to make decisions, a legal judgment is the rendering of a judicial decision. A second special meaning, namely that which judgment has within logic, is more troublesome. The difficulty it raises is not so much one of denotation, as of connotation, for it is easy to state the logical meaning of judgment in a way that clearly makes it a special case of the more general use: judgment in logic is the capacity to make decisions about relations within and between propositions. The problem, however, is one of connotation: in the history of culture far more has been said about this special meaning of judgment in logic than about the broader meaning of judgment in life, and most of the discussion among logicians suggests that judgment is a purely formal aspect of reasoning, rather than a flesh and blood element in all action. A third special meaning also raises difficulties because of its relative prominence: through ethics and theology the term has acquired a moralistic tone, owing to the whole matter of value-judgments. Again, these can easily be understood as special cases of the broader meaning, that is, as decisions about values and their application to acts. Nevertheless, those skeptical about the Last Judgment and concerned to be "non-judgmental" in their relations to others are likely to misperceive an effort to understand judgment in its larger sense as the basic problem in living.</p></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p> All this would be fairly straight-forward were it not that special meanings of the word judgment are more prominent than this very basic meaning. Thus judgment is a legal term, but one that is scant problem, for it is clearly a special case of the broader meaning—as judgment in general is the capacity to make decisions, a legal judgment is the rendering of a judicial decision. A second special meaning, namely that which judgment has within logic, is more troublesome. The difficulty it raises is not so much one of denotation, as of connotation, for it is easy to state the logical meaning of judgment in a way that clearly makes it a special case of the more general use: judgment in logic is the capacity to make decisions about relations within and between propositions. The problem, however, is one of connotation: in the history of culture far more has been said about this special meaning of judgment in logic than about the broader meaning of judgment in life, and most of the discussion among logicians suggests that judgment is a purely formal aspect of reasoning, rather than a flesh and blood element in all action. A third special meaning also raises difficulties because of its relative prominence: through ethics and theology the term has acquired a moralistic tone, owing to the whole matter of value-judgments. Again, these can easily be understood as special cases of the broader meaning, that is, as decisions about values and their application to acts. Nevertheless, those skeptical about the Last Judgment and concerned to be "non-judgmental" in their relations to others are likely to misperceive an effort to understand judgment in its larger sense as the basic problem in living.</p></div></td></tr>  </table>

Robbie https://www.robbiemcclintock.net/w/index.php?title=Texts:1977_Man_and_Judgment--A_Prospectus&diff=2385&oldid=prev Robbie at 16:36, 27 November 2024 2024-11-27T16:36:34Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:36, 27 November 2024</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l101">Line 101:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 101:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="s1" style="margin-left: 2em;"></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="s1" style="margin-left: 2em;"></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p style="text-indent: -2em;">A{{#counter:in2}}<<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">ID="A1"</del>> <i>Page 1 (**)</i> My use of "judgment" should become reasonably clear from the text. It is a somewhat broadened use of the word, however, and it seems therefore desirable to say something about the relation between my usage and various standard usages. <i>The American Heritage Dictionary</i> gives the following primary meanings for judgment: "l.a. The mental ability to perceive and distinguish relationships or alternatives; the critical faculty; discernment, b. The capacity to make reasonable decisions, especially in regard to the practical affairs of life; good sense; wisdom, c. The exercise of this capacity." Were one to drop out from definition l.b. the word "reasonable," one would have just about precisely the meaning used through <i>Man and Judgment</i>: the capacity to make decisions. Qualifying the term with "reasonable," equating it with good sense and wisdom, expresses widespread hopes that we have about our judgment and about that of others, but does not add to the definition of the term. Most acts of judgment are made under pressures that preclude careful reasoning—in making them we hope that they will lead to decisions that in retrospect will prove to have been reasonable.</p></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p style="text-indent: -2em;<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">" ID="A1</ins>">A{{#counter:in2}}<> <i>Page 1 (**)</i> My use of "judgment" should become reasonably clear from the text. It is a somewhat broadened use of the word, however, and it seems therefore desirable to say something about the relation between my usage and various standard usages. <i>The American Heritage Dictionary</i> gives the following primary meanings for judgment: "l.a. The mental ability to perceive and distinguish relationships or alternatives; the critical faculty; discernment, b. The capacity to make reasonable decisions, especially in regard to the practical affairs of life; good sense; wisdom, c. The exercise of this capacity." Were one to drop out from definition l.b. the word "reasonable," one would have just about precisely the meaning used through <i>Man and Judgment</i>: the capacity to make decisions. Qualifying the term with "reasonable," equating it with good sense and wisdom, expresses widespread hopes that we have about our judgment and about that of others, but does not add to the definition of the term. Most acts of judgment are made under pressures that preclude careful reasoning—in making them we hope that they will lead to decisions that in retrospect will prove to have been reasonable.</p></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p> All this would be fairly straight-forward were it not that special meanings of the word judgment are more prominent than this very basic meaning. Thus judgment is a legal term, but one that is scant problem, for it is clearly a special case of the broader meaning—as judgment in general is the capacity to make decisions, a legal judgment is the rendering of a judicial decision. A second special meaning, namely that which judgment has within logic, is more troublesome. The difficulty it raises is not so much one of denotation, as of connotation, for it is easy to state the logical meaning of judgment in a way that clearly makes it a special case of the more general use: judgment in logic is the capacity to make decisions about relations within and between propositions. The problem, however, is one of connotation: in the history of culture far more has been said about this special meaning of judgment in logic than about the broader meaning of judgment in life, and most of the discussion among logicians suggests that judgment is a purely formal aspect of reasoning, rather than a flesh and blood element in all action. A third special meaning also raises difficulties because of its relative prominence: through ethics and theology the term has acquired a moralistic tone, owing to the whole matter of value-judgments. Again, these can easily be understood as special cases of the broader meaning, that is, as decisions about values and their application to acts. Nevertheless, those skeptical about the Last Judgment and concerned to be "non-judgmental" in their relations to others are likely to misperceive an effort to understand judgment in its larger sense as the basic problem in living.</p></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p> All this would be fairly straight-forward were it not that special meanings of the word judgment are more prominent than this very basic meaning. Thus judgment is a legal term, but one that is scant problem, for it is clearly a special case of the broader meaning—as judgment in general is the capacity to make decisions, a legal judgment is the rendering of a judicial decision. A second special meaning, namely that which judgment has within logic, is more troublesome. The difficulty it raises is not so much one of denotation, as of connotation, for it is easy to state the logical meaning of judgment in a way that clearly makes it a special case of the more general use: judgment in logic is the capacity to make decisions about relations within and between propositions. The problem, however, is one of connotation: in the history of culture far more has been said about this special meaning of judgment in logic than about the broader meaning of judgment in life, and most of the discussion among logicians suggests that judgment is a purely formal aspect of reasoning, rather than a flesh and blood element in all action. A third special meaning also raises difficulties because of its relative prominence: through ethics and theology the term has acquired a moralistic tone, owing to the whole matter of value-judgments. Again, these can easily be understood as special cases of the broader meaning, that is, as decisions about values and their application to acts. Nevertheless, those skeptical about the Last Judgment and concerned to be "non-judgmental" in their relations to others are likely to misperceive an effort to understand judgment in its larger sense as the basic problem in living.</p></div></td></tr>  </table>

Robbie https://www.robbiemcclintock.net/w/index.php?title=Texts:1977_Man_and_Judgment--A_Prospectus&diff=2384&oldid=prev Robbie at 16:24, 27 November 2024 2024-11-27T16:24:36Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:24, 27 November 2024</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l101">Line 101:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 101:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="s1" style="margin-left: 2em;"></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="s1" style="margin-left: 2em;"></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p style="text-indent: -2em;">A{{#counter:in2}}<ID=A1> <i>Page 1 (**)</i> My use of "judgment" should become reasonably clear from the text. It is a somewhat broadened use of the word, however, and it seems therefore desirable to say something about the relation between my usage and various standard usages. <i>The American Heritage Dictionary</i> gives the following primary meanings for judgment: "l.a. The mental ability to perceive and distinguish relationships or alternatives; the critical faculty; discernment, b. The capacity to make reasonable decisions, especially in regard to the practical affairs of life; good sense; wisdom, c. The exercise of this capacity." Were one to drop out from definition l.b. the word "reasonable," one would have just about precisely the meaning used through <i>Man and Judgment</i>: the capacity to make decisions. Qualifying the term with "reasonable," equating it with good sense and wisdom, expresses widespread hopes that we have about our judgment and about that of others, but does not add to the definition of the term. Most acts of judgment are made under pressures that preclude careful reasoning—in making them we hope that they will lead to decisions that in retrospect will prove to have been reasonable.</p></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p style="text-indent: -2em;">A{{#counter:in2}}<ID=<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"</ins>A1<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">"</ins>> <i>Page 1 (**)</i> My use of "judgment" should become reasonably clear from the text. It is a somewhat broadened use of the word, however, and it seems therefore desirable to say something about the relation between my usage and various standard usages. <i>The American Heritage Dictionary</i> gives the following primary meanings for judgment: "l.a. The mental ability to perceive and distinguish relationships or alternatives; the critical faculty; discernment, b. The capacity to make reasonable decisions, especially in regard to the practical affairs of life; good sense; wisdom, c. The exercise of this capacity." Were one to drop out from definition l.b. the word "reasonable," one would have just about precisely the meaning used through <i>Man and Judgment</i>: the capacity to make decisions. Qualifying the term with "reasonable," equating it with good sense and wisdom, expresses widespread hopes that we have about our judgment and about that of others, but does not add to the definition of the term. Most acts of judgment are made under pressures that preclude careful reasoning—in making them we hope that they will lead to decisions that in retrospect will prove to have been reasonable.</p></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p> All this would be fairly straight-forward were it not that special meanings of the word judgment are more prominent than this very basic meaning. Thus judgment is a legal term, but one that is scant problem, for it is clearly a special case of the broader meaning—as judgment in general is the capacity to make decisions, a legal judgment is the rendering of a judicial decision. A second special meaning, namely that which judgment has within logic, is more troublesome. The difficulty it raises is not so much one of denotation, as of connotation, for it is easy to state the logical meaning of judgment in a way that clearly makes it a special case of the more general use: judgment in logic is the capacity to make decisions about relations within and between propositions. The problem, however, is one of connotation: in the history of culture far more has been said about this special meaning of judgment in logic than about the broader meaning of judgment in life, and most of the discussion among logicians suggests that judgment is a purely formal aspect of reasoning, rather than a flesh and blood element in all action. A third special meaning also raises difficulties because of its relative prominence: through ethics and theology the term has acquired a moralistic tone, owing to the whole matter of value-judgments. Again, these can easily be understood as special cases of the broader meaning, that is, as decisions about values and their application to acts. Nevertheless, those skeptical about the Last Judgment and concerned to be "non-judgmental" in their relations to others are likely to misperceive an effort to understand judgment in its larger sense as the basic problem in living.</p></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p> All this would be fairly straight-forward were it not that special meanings of the word judgment are more prominent than this very basic meaning. Thus judgment is a legal term, but one that is scant problem, for it is clearly a special case of the broader meaning—as judgment in general is the capacity to make decisions, a legal judgment is the rendering of a judicial decision. A second special meaning, namely that which judgment has within logic, is more troublesome. The difficulty it raises is not so much one of denotation, as of connotation, for it is easy to state the logical meaning of judgment in a way that clearly makes it a special case of the more general use: judgment in logic is the capacity to make decisions about relations within and between propositions. The problem, however, is one of connotation: in the history of culture far more has been said about this special meaning of judgment in logic than about the broader meaning of judgment in life, and most of the discussion among logicians suggests that judgment is a purely formal aspect of reasoning, rather than a flesh and blood element in all action. A third special meaning also raises difficulties because of its relative prominence: through ethics and theology the term has acquired a moralistic tone, owing to the whole matter of value-judgments. Again, these can easily be understood as special cases of the broader meaning, that is, as decisions about values and their application to acts. Nevertheless, those skeptical about the Last Judgment and concerned to be "non-judgmental" in their relations to others are likely to misperceive an effort to understand judgment in its larger sense as the basic problem in living.</p></div></td></tr>  </table>

Robbie https://www.robbiemcclintock.net/w/index.php?title=Texts:1977_Man_and_Judgment--A_Prospectus&diff=2383&oldid=prev Robbie at 16:23, 27 November 2024 2024-11-27T16:23:35Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:23, 27 November 2024</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l11">Line 11:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 11:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="nums"></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="nums"></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Persons find themselves in a world: to live they must act, and they must act as best they can according to their judgment, be it sound or sour. To act, for better or for worse, according to ones judgment is the human condition. Hence educational policy at root pertains to forming man's powers of judgment.A1</p></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Persons find themselves in a world: to live they must act, and they must act as best they can according to their judgment, be it sound or sour. To act, for better or for worse, according to ones judgment is the human condition. Hence educational policy at root pertains to forming man's powers of judgment.<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">[[#</ins>A1<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">|A1]]</ins></p></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Nothing with respect to judgment is given, except its necessity. Where there is life there is judgment, discrimination, decision that culminates in action. But judgment does not stop at the border where action begins; judgment pervades action, all living, vital action in which there is an element of responsive control, a perception of the unfolding situation within and without as the act progresses. This perception of the situation, this effort at control, is also judgment, a most crucial form of judgment. Within us, each cell has a certain awareness, a purposeful homeostasis with its environment and certain capacities to make use of resources surrounding it to maintain itself, to perform its appointed functions. If, for some reason, the cell errs in its judgments, or if the environment and situation in which it finds itself are so extreme that they overwhelm its capacities for discrimination and control, the cell will die or atrophy—its life will end.A2</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Nothing with respect to judgment is given, except its necessity. Where there is life there is judgment, discrimination, decision that culminates in action. But judgment does not stop at the border where action begins; judgment pervades action, all living, vital action in which there is an element of responsive control, a perception of the unfolding situation within and without as the act progresses. This perception of the situation, this effort at control, is also judgment, a most crucial form of judgment. Within us, each cell has a certain awareness, a purposeful homeostasis with its environment and certain capacities to make use of resources surrounding it to maintain itself, to perform its appointed functions. If, for some reason, the cell errs in its judgments, or if the environment and situation in which it finds itself are so extreme that they overwhelm its capacities for discrimination and control, the cell will die or atrophy—its life will end.A2</div></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l101">Line 101:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 101:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="s1" style="margin-left: 2em;"></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="s1" style="margin-left: 2em;"></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p style="text-indent: -2em;">A{{#counter:in2}} <i>Page 1 (**)</i> My use of "judgment" should become reasonably clear from the text. It is a somewhat broadened use of the word, however, and it seems therefore desirable to say something about the relation between my usage and various standard usages. <i>The American Heritage Dictionary</i> gives the following primary meanings for judgment: "l.a. The mental ability to perceive and distinguish relationships or alternatives; the critical faculty; discernment, b. The capacity to make reasonable decisions, especially in regard to the practical affairs of life; good sense; wisdom, c. The exercise of this capacity." Were one to drop out from definition l.b. the word "reasonable," one would have just about precisely the meaning used through <i>Man and Judgment</i>: the capacity to make decisions. Qualifying the term with "reasonable," equating it with good sense and wisdom, expresses widespread hopes that we have about our judgment and about that of others, but does not add to the definition of the term. Most acts of judgment are made under pressures that preclude careful reasoning—in making them we hope that they will lead to decisions that in retrospect will prove to have been reasonable.</p></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p style="text-indent: -2em;">A{{#counter:in2}}<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><ID=A1> </ins><i>Page 1 (**)</i> My use of "judgment" should become reasonably clear from the text. It is a somewhat broadened use of the word, however, and it seems therefore desirable to say something about the relation between my usage and various standard usages. <i>The American Heritage Dictionary</i> gives the following primary meanings for judgment: "l.a. The mental ability to perceive and distinguish relationships or alternatives; the critical faculty; discernment, b. The capacity to make reasonable decisions, especially in regard to the practical affairs of life; good sense; wisdom, c. The exercise of this capacity." Were one to drop out from definition l.b. the word "reasonable," one would have just about precisely the meaning used through <i>Man and Judgment</i>: the capacity to make decisions. Qualifying the term with "reasonable," equating it with good sense and wisdom, expresses widespread hopes that we have about our judgment and about that of others, but does not add to the definition of the term. Most acts of judgment are made under pressures that preclude careful reasoning—in making them we hope that they will lead to decisions that in retrospect will prove to have been reasonable.</p></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p> All this would be fairly straight-forward were it not that special meanings of the word judgment are more prominent than this very basic meaning. Thus judgment is a legal term, but one that is scant problem, for it is clearly a special case of the broader meaning—as judgment in general is the capacity to make decisions, a legal judgment is the rendering of a judicial decision. A second special meaning, namely that which judgment has within logic, is more troublesome. The difficulty it raises is not so much one of denotation, as of connotation, for it is easy to state the logical meaning of judgment in a way that clearly makes it a special case of the more general use: judgment in logic is the capacity to make decisions about relations within and between propositions. The problem, however, is one of connotation: in the history of culture far more has been said about this special meaning of judgment in logic than about the broader meaning of judgment in life, and most of the discussion among logicians suggests that judgment is a purely formal aspect of reasoning, rather than a flesh and blood element in all action. A third special meaning also raises difficulties because of its relative prominence: through ethics and theology the term has acquired a moralistic tone, owing to the whole matter of value-judgments. Again, these can easily be understood as special cases of the broader meaning, that is, as decisions about values and their application to acts. Nevertheless, those skeptical about the Last Judgment and concerned to be "non-judgmental" in their relations to others are likely to misperceive an effort to understand judgment in its larger sense as the basic problem in living.</p></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p> All this would be fairly straight-forward were it not that special meanings of the word judgment are more prominent than this very basic meaning. Thus judgment is a legal term, but one that is scant problem, for it is clearly a special case of the broader meaning—as judgment in general is the capacity to make decisions, a legal judgment is the rendering of a judicial decision. A second special meaning, namely that which judgment has within logic, is more troublesome. The difficulty it raises is not so much one of denotation, as of connotation, for it is easy to state the logical meaning of judgment in a way that clearly makes it a special case of the more general use: judgment in logic is the capacity to make decisions about relations within and between propositions. The problem, however, is one of connotation: in the history of culture far more has been said about this special meaning of judgment in logic than about the broader meaning of judgment in life, and most of the discussion among logicians suggests that judgment is a purely formal aspect of reasoning, rather than a flesh and blood element in all action. A third special meaning also raises difficulties because of its relative prominence: through ethics and theology the term has acquired a moralistic tone, owing to the whole matter of value-judgments. Again, these can easily be understood as special cases of the broader meaning, that is, as decisions about values and their application to acts. Nevertheless, those skeptical about the Last Judgment and concerned to be "non-judgmental" in their relations to others are likely to misperceive an effort to understand judgment in its larger sense as the basic problem in living.</p></div></td></tr>  </table>

Robbie https://www.robbiemcclintock.net/w/index.php?title=Texts:1977_Man_and_Judgment--A_Prospectus&diff=2382&oldid=prev Robbie at 16:16, 27 November 2024 2024-11-27T16:16:48Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:16, 27 November 2024</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l6">Line 6:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 6:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h3>Studies of Educational Experience and Aspirations</h3></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h3>Studies of Educational Experience and Aspirations</h3></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h1>Man and Judgment</h1></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h1>Man and Judgment</h1></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></div></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><blockquote> Truth and reason are common to everyone and are no more his who spoke them first than his who speaks them later. It is no more according to Plato than according to me since both he and I equally see and understand it in the same manner. Bees pillage the flowers here and there, but they then make honey of them which is all their own; it is no longer thyme and marjoram; so the fragments borrowed from others he will transform and blend together to make a work that shall be absolutely his own; that is to say, his judgment. His education, labor, and study aim only at forming that.<ref> Montaigne, "Of the Education of Children", </i> Montaigne, <i>Selected Essays</i>, Charles Cotton and W. Hazlitt, trans, Blanchard Bates, ed., New York: The Modern Library, 1949, p. 22.</ref></blockquote></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><blockquote> Truth and reason are common to everyone and are no more his who spoke them first than his who speaks them later. It is no more according to Plato than according to me since both he and I equally see and understand it in the same manner. Bees pillage the flowers here and there, but they then make honey of them which is all their own; it is no longer thyme and marjoram; so the fragments borrowed from others he will transform and blend together to make a work that shall be absolutely his own; that is to say, his judgment. His education, labor, and study aim only at forming that.<ref> Montaigne, "Of the Education of Children", </i> Montaigne, <i>Selected Essays</i>, Charles Cotton and W. Hazlitt, trans, Blanchard Bates, ed., New York: The Modern Library, 1949, p. 22.</ref></blockquote></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></div></del><div class="nums"></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><div class="nums"></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Persons find themselves in a world: to live they must act, and they must act as best they can according to their judgment, be it sound or sour. To act, for better or for worse, according to ones judgment is the human condition. Hence educational policy at root pertains to forming man's powers of judgment.A1</p></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><p>Persons find themselves in a world: to live they must act, and they must act as best they can according to their judgment, be it sound or sour. To act, for better or for worse, according to ones judgment is the human condition. Hence educational policy at root pertains to forming man's powers of judgment.A1</p></div></td></tr>  </table>

Robbie https://www.robbiemcclintock.net/w/index.php?title=Texts:1977_Man_and_Judgment--A_Prospectus&diff=2381&oldid=prev Robbie at 16:15, 27 November 2024 2024-11-27T16:15:11Z

<p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 10:15, 27 November 2024</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l96">Line 96:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 96:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><blockquote> Art is long, life short, judgment difficult, opportunity transient. To act is easy, to think is hard; to act according to our thought is troublesome. Every beginning is cheerful; the threshold is the place of expectation. The boy stands astonished, his impressions guide him; he learns sportfully, seriousness comes on him by surprise. Imitation is born with us; what should be imitated is not easy to discover. The excellent is rarely found, more rarely valued. The height charms us, the steps to it do not: with the summit in our eye, we love to walk along the plain.... Words are good, but they are not the best. The best is not to be explained by words. The spirit in which we act is the highest matter. Action can be understood and again represented by the spirit alone. No one knows what he is doing while he acts aright; but of what is wrong we are always conscious. Whoever works with symbols only is a pedant, a hypocrite, or a bungler. There are many such, and they like to be together. Their babbling detains the student: their obstinate mediocrity vexes even the best. The instruction which the true artist gives us opens the mind; for where words fail him, deeds speak. The true student learns from the known to unfold the unknown, and draws himself nearer the master.</p></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><blockquote> Art is long, life short, judgment difficult, opportunity transient. To act is easy, to think is hard; to act according to our thought is troublesome. Every beginning is cheerful; the threshold is the place of expectation. The boy stands astonished, his impressions guide him; he learns sportfully, seriousness comes on him by surprise. Imitation is born with us; what should be imitated is not easy to discover. The excellent is rarely found, more rarely valued. The height charms us, the steps to it do not: with the summit in our eye, we love to walk along the plain.... Words are good, but they are not the best. The best is not to be explained by words. The spirit in which we act is the highest matter. Action can be understood and again represented by the spirit alone. No one knows what he is doing while he acts aright; but of what is wrong we are always conscious. Whoever works with symbols only is a pedant, a hypocrite, or a bungler. There are many such, and they like to be together. Their babbling detains the student: their obstinate mediocrity vexes even the best. The instruction which the true artist gives us opens the mind; for where words fail him, deeds speak. The true student learns from the known to unfold the unknown, and draws himself nearer the master.</p></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></div><div class=numsoff"></ins></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h3>Annotations to the text</h3></div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><h3>Annotations to the text</h3></div></td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr> </table>

Robbie https://www.robbiemcclintock.net/w/index.php?title=Texts:1977_Man_and_Judgment--A_Prospectus&diff=2380&oldid=prev Robbie at 16:14, 27 November 2024 2024-11-27T16:14:04Z

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